The Building Topology Ontology (BOT)

A part of the physical world or a virtual world that is inherently both located in this world and has a 3D spatial extent; Sub-classes of bot:Zone include bot:Site, bot:Building, bot:Storey, or bot:Space. An instance of bot:Zone can contain other bot:Zone instances, making it possible to group or subdivide zones. An instance of bot:Zone can be adjacent to or intersecting other bot:Zone instances. Finally, a bot:Zone can instantiate three relations to bot:Element, which are either contained in (bot:containsElement), adjacent to it (bot:adjacentElement) or intersecting (bot:intersectingElement).

• adjacent zone ^op
• intersects zone ^op
• contains zone ^op
• has building ^op
• has storey ^op
• has space ^op
• has element ^op

• has simple 3D model ^dp
• has 3D model ^op

• adjacent zone ^op
• intersects zone ^op
• contains zone ^op

• Site ^c
• Building ^c
• Storey ^c
• Space ^c

A part of the physical world or a virtual world that is inherently both located in this world and having a 3D spatial extent. It is intended to contain or contains one or more buildings.

• adjacent zone ^op
• intersects zone ^op
• contains zone ^op
• has building ^op

• adjacent zone ^op
• intersects zone ^op
• contains zone ^op

An independent unit of the built environment with a characteristic spatial structure, intended to serve at least one function or user activity [ISO 12006-2:2013]. A bot:Building is a part of the physical world or a virtual world that is inherently both located in this world and having a 3D spatial extent, is contained in a building site, and can contain one or more storeys that are vertically connected.

• adjacent zone ^op
• intersects zone ^op
• contains zone ^op
• has storey ^op

• adjacent zone ^op
• intersects zone ^op
• contains zone ^op

A part of the physical world or a virtual world that is inherently both located in this world and having a 3D spatial extent. A bot:Storey is contained in one or more buildings, and is intended to contain one or more spaces that are horizontally connected. Storeys of a building are connected by means of vertical connections such as elevators and stairs. A bot:Storey encompasses both zones above and below ground, for example, a building with 21 floors above ground, one ground floor and 3 basements is equal to the sentence: A building has 25 instances of bot:Storey.

• adjacent zone ^op
• intersects zone ^op
• contains zone ^op
• has space ^op

• adjacent zone ^op
• intersects zone ^op
• contains zone ^op

A part of the physical world or a virtual world whose 3D spatial extent is bounded actually or theoretically, and provides for certain functions within the zone it is contained in.

• adjacent zone ^op
• intersects zone ^op
• contains zone ^op

• adjacent zone ^op
• intersects zone ^op
• contains zone ^op

Constituent of a construction entity with a characteristic technical function, form or position [ISO 12006-2:2015, 3.4.7]

• has sub-element ^op
• hosts element ^op

• has simple 3D model ^dp
• has 3D model ^op

• has sub-element ^op
• has element ^op
• hosts element ^op

A generic concept to qualify the relationship of two or more things in the world, where at least one is a building element or zone. Examples: - Qualification of heat transmission between zones through one or more building elements. This includes one-dimensional (surface) heat losses from one zone to another through a single building element, a two dimensional (line) loss from one zone to another through the connection in which the two elements meet or a three dimensional (point) loss from one zone to another through the connection where three elements (typically two walls and a slab) meet. - Connection of an electric device to the electric system of a building. - A door between one room and another.

Relationship between two zones that share a common interface, but do not intersect.

• Site ^c
• Building ^c
• Storey ^c
• Space ^c

• Site ^c
• Building ^c
• Storey ^c
• Space ^c

Relationship between two zones whose 3D extent intersect. For example, a stairwell intersects different storeys.

• Site ^c
• Building ^c
• Storey ^c
• Space ^c

• Site ^c
• Building ^c
• Storey ^c
• Space ^c

Relationship to the subzones of a major zone. A space zone could for instance be contained in a storey zone which is further contained in a building zone. bot:containsZone is a transitive property. This implies that in the previous example a bot:containsZone relationship holds between the space zone and the building zone.

• has building ^op
• has storey ^op
• has space ^op

• Site ^c
• Building ^c
• Storey ^c
• Space ^c

• Site ^c
• Building ^c
• Storey ^c
• Space ^c

Relation to buildings contained in a zone. The typical domains of bot:hasBuilding are instances of bot:Site.

Relation to storeys contained in a zone. The typical domains of bot:hasStorey are instances of bot:Building.

Relation to spaces contained in a zone. The typical domains of bot:hasSpace are instances of bot:Storey or bot:Building.

Relation between two building elements, either one element hosting another (e.g. a wall hosts a window) or a subcomposition of a building element into smaller parts (e.g. an air handling unit has as a part a fan).

Links a Zone to an Element that is either contained in, adjacent to or intersecting with the Zone. The intended use of this relationship is not to be stated explicitly, but to be inferred from its sub-properties. It will, for example, allow one to query for all the doors of a building given that they have an adjacency to spaces of the building.

• adjacent element ^op
• contains element ^op
• intersecting element ^op

Relation between a zone and its adjacent building elements, bounding the zone.

Relation to a building element contained in a zone.

Relation between a Zone and a building Element that intersects it.

Relationship between an interface and another thing (building zone, element or owl:Thing)

Links a bot:Site to an instance that encodes the latitude and longitude of the Zero Point of the building site. This could be an instance of a wgs84:Point. The definition of GIS and geometry is not within the scope of BOT and an appropriate ontology needs to be selected here by the user. The use of this property is potentially ambiguous and it might be removed or revised in future editions of the ontology.

Links any bot:Zone or bot:Element to a IRI that identifies its 3D Model. This 3D Model can then be described using some dedicated RDF vocabulary. Else, the 3D Model IRI could be dereferenceable, and when looking up the IRI one could retrieve a representation of the 3D Model with some existing data format for 3D models.

• Building element ^c
• Zone ^c

This property is DEPRECATED, use bot:hasSubElement instead // ORIGINAL definition: Relation between an element a) and another element b) hosted by element a). Example: inst:wall bot:hostsElement inst:window

This property is DEPRECATED, use bot:hasSubElement instead // ORIGINAL definition: Links an aggregate (a cluster of elements that can be treated as a single unit) to its sub-elements. For example an Air Handling Unit aggregates, among other elements, a fan and a filter.

Example of how to use bot:aggregates in a product ontology: product:Fan rdfs:subClassOf bot:Element . product:Filter rdfs:subClassOf bot:Element . product:hasFan rdfs:subPropertyOf bot:aggregates ; rdfs:range product:Fan . product:hasFilter rdfs:subPropertyOf product:aggregates ; rdfs:range product:Filter . product:AirHandlingUnit rdfs:subClassOf bot:Element ; rdfs:subClassOf [ owl:onProperty product:hasFan ; owl:someValuesFrom product:Fan ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ owl:onProperty product:hasFilter ; owl:someValuesFrom product:Filter ] .

Links any bot:Zone or bot:Element to a 3D Model encoded as a literal.

• Building element ^c
• Zone ^c